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HelpTest ID: VIP Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, Plasma
Reporting Name
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide,PUseful For
Detecting vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-producing tumors in patients with chronic diarrheal diseases
Specimen Type
Plasma EDTAOrdering Guidance
Specimen Required
Supplies: Sarstedt Aliquot Tube, 5 mL (T914)
Collection Container/Tube: Lavender top (EDTA)
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 1 mL
Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot plasma into a plastic vial. Freeze immediately.
Specimen Minimum Volume
0.55 mL
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma EDTA | Frozen | 90 days |
Reference Values
<86 pg/mL
Day(s) Performed
Monday, Thursday
Test Classification
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
84586
LOINC Code Information
| Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| VIP | Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide,P | 3125-2 |
| Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| 8150 | Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide,P | 3125-2 |
Clinical Information
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) was originally isolated from porcine small intestine and was recognized by its potent vasodilator activity. This brain/gut hormone has widespread distribution and is present in neuronal cell bodies localized in the central nervous system, digestive, respiratory, and urogenital tracts, and exocrine, thyroid, and adrenal glands. VIP has a wide scope of biological actions. The main effects of VIP include relaxation of smooth muscle (bronchial and vascular dilation), stimulation of gastrointestinal water and electrolyte secretion, and release of pancreatic hormones.
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-producing tumors are rare; most (90%) are located in the pancreas. Watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria are key symptoms.
Interpretation
An elevated vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) may indicate the presence of an enteropancreatic tumor causing hypersecretion of VIP.
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-producing tumors are unlikely with a 24-hour stool volume below 700 mL.
Clinical Reference
1. Smith SL, Branton SA, Avino AJ, et al. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide secreting islet cell tumors: a 15-year experience and review of the literature. Surgery. 1998;124(6):1050-1055
2. Ghaferi AA, Chojnacki KA, Long WD, Cameron JL, Yeo CJ. Pancreatic VIPomas: subject review and one institutional experience. J Gastrointest Surg. 2008;12(2):382-393
3. Eisenhofer G, Grebe S, Cheung NK, et al. Monoamine-producing tumors. In: Rifai N, Horvath AR, Wittwer CT, eds. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 6th ed. Elsevier; 2018:1421
4. Una Cidon E. Vasoactive intestinal peptide secreting tumour: An overview. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2022;14(4):808-819
Report Available
2 to 4 daysMethod Name
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send an Oncology Test Request (T729) with the specimen.
mml-endocrine-cancer, mml-gastrointestinal-cancer